{"id":4847,"date":"2018-10-06T17:44:45","date_gmt":"2018-10-06T12:14:45","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/physicscatalyst.com\/article\/?p=4847"},"modified":"2022-11-04T12:06:30","modified_gmt":"2022-11-04T06:36:30","slug":"metals-and-nonmetals-class-10-questions-answers-chapter-3","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/physicscatalyst.com\/article\/metals-and-nonmetals-class-10-questions-answers-chapter-3\/","title":{"rendered":"Metals and nonmetals class 10 questions answers (Chapter 3)"},"content":{"rendered":"<pre>This page contains\u00a0Metals and nonmetals class 10 questions answers. Practice these questions for good grades in your exams. Other important links are provided at the bottom of the page.<\/pre>\n<p><strong>Question 1<\/strong> Give an example of a metal which<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>is a liquid at room temperature.<\/li>\n<li>can be cut easily with a knife.<\/li>\n<li>is the best conductor of heat.<\/li>\n<li>is a poor conductor of heat.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>Answer <\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Metal that exists in the liquid state at room temperature \u2013 mercury<\/li>\n<li>Metal that can be easily cut with a knife- Sodium<\/li>\n<li>Metal that is the best conductor of heat- Silver<\/li>\n<li>Metal that is a poor conductor of heat \u2013 Mercury and Lead<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>Question 2 <\/strong>Why sodium is kept immersed in kerosene oil?<\/p>\n<p><strong>Answer <\/strong>Sodium is very reactive metal. It combines explosive with air as well as water. Hence, it catches fire if kept open. Therefore to prevent accidental fires and accident, sodium is stored immersed in kerosene oil.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Question 3 <\/strong>Which gas is produced when dilute hydrochloric acid is added to a reactive metal? Write the chemical reaction when iron reacts with dilute H<sub>2<\/sub>SO<sub>4<\/sub>.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Answer <\/strong>Hydrogen gas evolved when dilute hydrochloric acid is added to a reactive metal. When iron reacts with dilute H<sub>2<\/sub>SO<sub>4<\/sub> then iron (ll) sulphate with the evolution of hydrogen gas is formed.<\/p>\n<p>Fe(s) + H<sub>2<\/sub>SO<sub>4<\/sub> (aq) &#8212;&gt; FeSO<sub>4<\/sub>(aq) + H<sub>2<\/sub>(g)<\/p>\n<p><strong>Question 4<\/strong> Why do ionic compounds have high melting points?<\/p>\n<p><strong>Answer<\/strong>\u00a0Ionic compounds have strong electrostatic forces of attraction between the ions. Therefore, it requires a lot of energy to overcome these forces. That is why ionic compounds have high melting points.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong>Question <\/strong>5 Which of following pairs give displacement reaction?<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>NaCl solution and copper metal<\/li>\n<li>MgCl<sub>2<\/sub> solution and aluminium metal<\/li>\n<li>FeSO<sub>4<\/sub> solution and silver metal<\/li>\n<li>AgNO<sub>3<\/sub> solution and copper metal.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>Answer<\/strong> AgNO<sub>3<\/sub> solution and copper metal.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Question 6 <\/strong>You are given a hammer, a battery, wires, and a switch.<\/p>\n<p>(a) How could you use them to distinguish between samples of metals and non-metals?<\/p>\n<p>(b) Assesses the usefulness of these tests in distinguishing between metals and non-metals.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Answer <\/strong>With the hammer, we can beat the sample and if it can be beaten into thin sheets (that is, it is malleable), then it is metal otherwise a non-metal. Similarly, we can use the battery, bulb, wires, and switch to set up a circuit with the sample. If the sample conducts electricity, then it is a metal otherwise a non-metal.<\/p>\n<p>The above tests are useful in distinguishing between metal and non-metals in some cases but not all because there are exceptions also. These tests are based on physical properties and no chemical reactions are involved in these tests.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Question 7 <\/strong>What are amphoteric oxides? Give two examples of amphoteric oxides.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Answer <\/strong>Those oxides that behave as both acidic and basic oxides are called amphoteric oxides. Example: aluminum oxide (Al<sub>2<\/sub>O<sub>3<\/sub>) and zinc oxide (ZnO)<\/p>\n<p><strong>Question 8\u00a0\u00a0<\/strong>Name two metals which will displace hydrogen from dilute acids, and two metals which not.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Answer\u00a0<\/strong>Metals that are more reactive than hydrogen displace it from dilute acids. For example sodium and potassium. Metals that are less reactive than hydrogen do not displace it. For example copper and silver.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Question 9 <\/strong>Name a metal which is having low melting point and a non-metal having high melting point?<\/p>\n<p><strong>Answer\u00a0<\/strong>Low melting point metal- Gallium<\/p>\n<p>High melting point non-metal- diamond<\/p>\n<p><strong>Question 10 <\/strong>What is aqua regia? Which elements dissolve in it?<\/p>\n<p><strong>Answer\u00a0<\/strong>Aqua regia is a mixture of HCl and HNO3 which is of ratio 3:1 in which chemical unreactive metal like gold and platinum dissolve in it.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Question 11 <\/strong>Give reasons:<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>Shining surface of metals is tarnished after some time.<\/li>\n<li>The reaction of zinc with dilute nitric acid does not produce hydrogen gas.<\/li>\n<li>Food cans are coated with tin rather than zinc.<\/li>\n<li>Some alkali metals can be cut with a knife.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p><strong>Answer\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>Some metals like magnesium, aluminum, zinc etc., when exposed to air, form a protective layer of oxide on their surface. These layers prevent further corrosion of the metal.<\/li>\n<li>Nitric acid is a strong oxidizing agent. It oxidized the produced hydrogen to water and itself reduced to NO, NO<sub>2<\/sub><span style=\"font-size: inherit;\">, N<\/span><sub>2<\/sub><span style=\"font-size: inherit;\">O.<\/span><\/li>\n<li>Tin is less reactive metal than zinc. So it is not easily attacked by components of food items.<\/li>\n<li>Due to high electropositive nature alkali of some metals are soft. They can be cut with the help of knife e.g. Li, Na, K.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p><strong>Question 12 <\/strong>Define the following terms.<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>Mineral<\/li>\n<li>Ore<\/li>\n<li>Gangue<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p><strong>Answer<\/strong><\/p>\n<ol>\n<li><strong>Mineral:<\/strong> The naturally occurring compounds or element in the earth\u2019s crust are known as minerals.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Ore:<\/strong> Minerals from which the metal can be extracted profitably are known as ore<\/li>\n<li><strong>Gangue:<\/strong> The impurities (sand, silt, soil, gravel etc.) present in the ore are called gangue.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p><strong>Question 13 <\/strong>What chemical process is used for obtaining a metal from its oxide?<\/p>\n<p><strong>Answer\u00a0<\/strong>The chemical process for obtaining a metal from its oxide is a reduction. In this process, metal oxide are reduced by using suitable reducing agents such as carbon or by highly reactive metals to displace the metals from their oxides.<\/p>\n<p>For example, zinc oxide is reduced to metallic zinc by heating with carbon.<\/p>\n<p>ZnO(s) + C(s) &#8212;-&gt; Zn(s) + CO(g)<\/p>\n<p>Manganese dioxide is reduced to manganese by treating it with aluminum powder. In this case, aluminum displaces manganese from its oxide.<\/p>\n<p>3MnO<sub>2<\/sub>(s) + 4Al(s) &#8212;&gt; 3Mn(l) + 2Al<sub>2<\/sub>O<sub>3<\/sub> (s) + heat<\/p>\n<p>Oxides of more reactive metals are reduced by electrolysis.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Question 14 <\/strong>Name two metals which will displace hydrogen from dilute acids, and two metals which not.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Answer<\/strong>\u00a0Metals that are more reactive than hydrogen displace it from dilute acids. For example sodium and potassium. Metals that are less reactive than hydrogen do not displace it. For example copper and silver.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Question 15 <\/strong>Metallic oxides of Zinc, magnesium, and copper were heated with the following metals.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Metal\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Zinc\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Magnesium\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Copper<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Zinc oxide\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 &#8211;\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0&#8211;<\/p>\n<p>Magnesium oxide\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 &#8211;\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 &#8211;\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 &#8211;<\/p>\n<p>Copper oxide\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 &#8211;\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 &#8211;<\/p>\n<p>In which cases will you find displacement reaction taking place?<\/p>\n<p><strong>Answer<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Metal\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Zinc oxide\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Magnesium oxide\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Copper oxide<\/p>\n<p>Zinc\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 No reaction\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0No reaction\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Displacement<\/p>\n<p>Magnesium\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0Displacement\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0No reaction\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Displacement<\/p>\n<p>Copper\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 No reaction\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0No reaction\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0No reaction<\/p>\n<p><strong>Question 16<\/strong> Give the reason as to why copper is used to make hot water tanks and not steel?<\/p>\n<p><strong>Answer\u00a0<\/strong>Iron in steel is more reactive than copper. it reacts with steam and produces F3O4. This will make the tank weaker with time. On the other copper is less reactive which does not react with hot water. So, copper is used to make hot water tanks and not steel.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Question 17 <\/strong>Why ionic compounds are usually hard?<\/p>\n<p><strong>Answer\u00a0<\/strong>They are solids and are somewhat hard because of the strong force of attraction between the positive and negative ions.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Question 18 <\/strong>Why non-metals do not displace hydrogen from dilute acids?<\/p>\n<p><strong>Answer<\/strong>\u00a0Non-metals have less reactivity than hydrogen so they cannot displace hydrogen from dilute acids.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Question 19 <\/strong>Why ionic compounds are soluble in water?<\/p>\n<p><strong>Answer\u00a0<\/strong>Ionic compounds are soluble in water because their oppositely charged ions break by the opposite pole of the water molecule?<\/p>\n<p><strong>Question 20 <\/strong>Why ionic compounds conduct electricity in the molten state?<\/p>\n<p><strong>Answer\u00a0<\/strong>Ionic compounds conduct electricity in the molten state because the electrostatic forces of attraction between the oppositely charged ions are overcome due to heat.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Question 21\u00a0<\/strong>\u00a0Justify the statement \u2013\u2018all ores are minerals but all minerals are not ores\u2019. Give one example which can be called both ore and minerals?<\/p>\n<p><strong>Answer<\/strong>\u00a0Ore is the mineral from which a metal can be profitably or economically extracted. From each mineral, metal cannot be extracted profitably, so all minerals are not ores.<\/p>\n<p>Examples: minerals- sodium chloride, magnesium chloride.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Question 22 <\/strong>What is thermite reaction?<\/p>\n<p><strong>Answer\u00a0<\/strong>Thermite reaction involves a reaction between the aluminum metal and iron (III) oxide to form aluminum oxide and iron, releasing a large amount of heat.<\/p>\n<p>$Fe_2O_3+2Al\u00a0\\rightarrow\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a02Fe\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 +\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Al_2O_3\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 +\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 heat$<\/p>\n<p>The thermite reaction is used in joining railway tracks, cracked machine parts that is why it is also called thermite welding.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Question 23 <\/strong>Can we take anode made up of pure metals and cathode made up of impure metals during electro-refining?<\/p>\n<p><strong>Answer\u00a0<\/strong>No, an anode is made up of impure metal. On passing the current through the electrolyte, the pure metal from the dissolves into the electrolyte.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Question 24 <\/strong>Give reasons for the following:<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>Prior to the reduction of metal sulphides and metal, carbonates must be converted into metal oxides.<\/li>\n<li>For extracting some metals, displacement reactions are used in place of carbon to obtain metals from their oxides.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p><strong>Answer\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>It is easier to obtain a metal from its oxide, as compared to its sulphides and carbonates.<\/li>\n<li>The highly reactive metals i.e., sodium, calcium, aluminum etc. are used as reducing agents because they can displace metals of lower reactivity.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p><strong>Question 25 <\/strong>What is meant by the concentration of ore? What is it necessary to concentrate an ore before processing?<\/p>\n<p><strong>Answer\u00a0<\/strong>A process of removing unwanted impurities like sand, soil etc present in an ore (called gangue) is called concentration of ore. We need to concentrate the ore so that the earthly impurities do not interfere in the process of extraction.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Question 26 <\/strong>Metals like iron, silver, and copper get corroded on exposure to air. Write the chemical name of the substance deposited on their surface respectively with its color, in each case?<\/p>\n<p><strong>Answer<\/strong>\u00a0Iron: iron oxide (brown)<\/p>\n<p>Silver: silver sulphide (black)<\/p>\n<p>Copper: basic copper carbonate (green)<\/p>\n<p><strong>Question 27 <\/strong>Why curd should not be kept in copper or brass vessels. What is done to protect it?<\/p>\n<p><strong>Answer<\/strong>\u00a0Curd (acidic in nature) when kept in copper and brass container, corrodes and thus a layer of basic copper carbonate CuCO<sub>3<\/sub>.Cu(OH)<sub>2<\/sub> is formed.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Question 28 <\/strong>Why aluminum vessels lose its shine readily?<\/p>\n<p><strong>Answer<\/strong>\u00a0Moist air reacts with aluminum to form a strong but thin film of aluminum oxide on its surface which makes its metallic luster slightly dull. This process is called anodizing.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Question 29 <\/strong>Differentiate between roasting and calcination?<\/p>\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"260\"><strong>Roasting<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"279\"><strong>Calcinations<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"260\">In roasting, sulphide ore is strongly heated in the presence of air into metal oxide.<\/td>\n<td width=\"279\">In calcinations, carbonate ore is strongly heated in absence of air into metal oxide.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"260\">For example,<\/p>\n<p>2ZnS\u00a0\u00a0 +\u00a0\u00a0 3O<sub>2<\/sub>\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 2ZnO\u00a0 +2SO<sub>2<\/sub><\/td>\n<td width=\"279\">For example,<\/p>\n<p>2ZnCO<sub>3<\/sub>\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 ZnO\u00a0 +\u00a0 CO<sub>2<\/sub><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><strong>Question 30 <\/strong>Define the term anode mud?<\/p>\n<p><strong>Answer\u00a0<\/strong>The insoluble impurities which settle down at the bottom of the anode are known as anode mud.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Related Links<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/physicscatalyst.com\/class-10-maths-ncert-solutions.php\"  rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">ncert solutions for class 10 maths<\/a><br \/>\n<a href=\"https:\/\/physicscatalyst.com\/class10.php\"  rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">NCERT Solutions for Class 10 Science<\/a><\/p>\n<div class=\"tcy\">\n<p><span style=\"color: #800000;\"><strong>Recommended books and texts\u00a0\u00a0<\/strong><\/span>(NOTE:- All links opens in new tab)<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>Oswaal CBSE Question Bank Class 10 Science Chapterwise and Topicwise (For March 2019 Exam)<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/physicscatalyst.com\/Class10\/metals-non-metals-science-chapter-3.php\"  rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Class 10 Science Chapter 3 &#8211; Metals and Non-metals Revision Notes<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/physicscatalyst.com\/Class10\/ncert-solutions-metals-and-nonmetals.php\"  rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Metals and Non-metals NCERT Solutions &#8211; Class 10 Science<\/a><\/li>\n<li>Class 10 chemistry Lakhmir Singh<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>This page contains\u00a0Metals and nonmetals class 10 questions answers. Practice these questions for good grades in your exams. Other important links are provided at the bottom of the page. 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