{"id":9525,"date":"2025-02-07T12:36:07","date_gmt":"2025-02-07T07:06:07","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/physicscatalyst.com\/article\/?p=9525"},"modified":"2025-02-07T12:36:13","modified_gmt":"2025-02-07T07:06:13","slug":"rna-world","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/physicscatalyst.com\/article\/rna-world\/","title":{"rendered":"RNA World"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p>Ribonucleic acid was the first genetic material. The 2&#8242;-OH of nucleotide is a reactive group that makes RNA catalytic.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>It is evident that essential life processes such as metabolism, translation, splicing, etc. have evolved around RNA even before DNA has evolved as a genetic material.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Structure of Ribonucleotide chain:<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>In RNA also each nucleotide has three component as in DNA.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ol start=\"1\" class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Nitrogenous base &#8211;<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<p>Purine: Adenine (A) and Guanine (G).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Pyrimidine &#8211; Cytosine (C) and Uracil (U)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ol start=\"2\" class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>The sugar is Ribose which has an additional -OH group on the second position.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Phosphate group.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<p>The nucleoside and nucleotide are called ribonucleoside and ribonucleotide respectively.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Types of RNA:<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>RNA are of three types:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>tRNA\u00a0 (transfer or soluble RNA)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>mRNA (messenger RNA)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>rRNA (ribosomal RNA)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>m-RNA:&nbsp; Messenger RNA<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>It brings the genetic information of DNA transcribed on it for protein synthesis.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>It is single stranded.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>It is formed on specific part of DNA called structural gene as a complementary copy of one strand of it.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>RNA forms a template for protein synthesis.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>t-RNA: Transfer or Soluble RNA<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>It act as an adaptor molecule which brings amino acid and read the genetic code.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>tRNA has a clover leaf like secondary structure but actually it is inverted L- shaped compact molecule.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>It has an amino acid acceptor end (3&#8242; end) and anticodon loop where the three bases are complementary to the bases of codon of particular amino acid.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>r-RNA: Ribosomal RNA<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>It forms the structure of RNA. It is the most abundant RNA.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>It also plays a catalytic role during translation.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Questions &amp; Answers<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Question<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p> <strong>Why is DNA a better genetic material?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Ans. <\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>DNA rather than RNA carries the hereditary genetic code in all biological life on earth. DNA is both resilient and more easily repaired than RNA. Extra -OH group on second position of carbon of sugar make the RNA more catalytic and unstable. As a result DNA serve as a more stable carrier of genetic information.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Question<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong> Differentiate between DNA and RNA?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Answer<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><a href=\"https:\/\/physicscatalyst.com\/article\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/02\/difference-between-RNA-and-DNA.png\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"733\" height=\"356\" src=\"https:\/\/physicscatalyst.com\/article\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/02\/difference-between-RNA-and-DNA.png\" alt=\"Difference between RNA and DNA\" class=\"wp-image-9526\" srcset=\"https:\/\/physicscatalyst.com\/article\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/02\/difference-between-RNA-and-DNA.png 733w, https:\/\/physicscatalyst.com\/article\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/02\/difference-between-RNA-and-DNA-300x146.png 300w, https:\/\/physicscatalyst.com\/article\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/02\/difference-between-RNA-and-DNA-640x311.png 640w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 733px) 100vw, 733px\" \/><\/a><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Ribonucleic acid was the first genetic material. The 2&#8242;-OH of nucleotide is a reactive group that makes RNA catalytic. It is evident that essential life processes such as metabolism, translation, splicing, etc. have evolved around RNA even before DNA has evolved as a genetic material. Structure of Ribonucleotide chain: In RNA also each nucleotide has [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":8,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_uag_custom_page_level_css":"","site-sidebar-layout":"default","site-content-layout":"","ast-site-content-layout":"default","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"","footer-sml-layout":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"set","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"ast-content-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"footnotes":""},"categories":[518],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-9525","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-biology"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.3 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>RNA World - physicscatalyst&#039;s Blog<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/physicscatalyst.com\/article\/rna-world\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"RNA World - physicscatalyst&#039;s Blog\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Ribonucleic acid was the first genetic material. 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The 2&#8242;-OH of nucleotide is a reactive group that makes RNA catalytic. It is evident that essential life processes such as metabolism, translation, splicing, etc. have evolved around RNA even before DNA has evolved as a genetic material. 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The 2&#8242;-OH of nucleotide is a reactive group that makes RNA catalytic. It is evident that essential life processes such as metabolism, translation, splicing, etc. have evolved around RNA even before DNA has evolved as a genetic material. Structure of Ribonucleotide chain: In RNA also each nucleotide has&hellip;","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/physicscatalyst.com\/article\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/9525","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/physicscatalyst.com\/article\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/physicscatalyst.com\/article\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/physicscatalyst.com\/article\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/8"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/physicscatalyst.com\/article\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=9525"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/physicscatalyst.com\/article\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/9525\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":9527,"href":"https:\/\/physicscatalyst.com\/article\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/9525\/revisions\/9527"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/physicscatalyst.com\/article\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=9525"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/physicscatalyst.com\/article\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=9525"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/physicscatalyst.com\/article\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=9525"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}