Question 1
According to WHO, health is best defined as:
(a) Only the absence of disease
(b) Complete physical well-being only
(c) Complete physical, mental, and social well-being
(d) The ability to do physical work
Ans (c)
Question 2
Who discovered the first antibiotic, penicillin?
(a) Edward Jenner
(b) Alexander Fleming
(c) Dr. Kamal Ranadive
(d) Dr. M.K. Bhan
Answer: (b)
Question 3
A balanced diet contains:
(a) Only proteins
(b) Only fruits and vegetables
(c) All essential nutrients in the right proportion
(d) Only carbohydrates
Answer: (c)
Question 4
The Air Quality Index (AQI) helps us to know:
(a) Level of rainfall
(b) How clean the air is
(c) Nutritional value of food
(d) Level of germs in water
Answer: (b)
Question 5
Which of these diseases is an acute disease?
(a) Diabetes
(b) Cancer
(c) Common cold
(d) Tuberculosis
Answer: (c) Common cold
Question 6
Which mineral is essential for the formation of haemoglobin?
(a) Iron
(b) Calcium
(c) Zinc
(d) Potassium
Answer: (a) Iron
Question 7
Which disease is caused by vitamin D deficiency?
(a) Rickets
(b) Scurvy
(c) Anaemia
(d) Goitre
Answer: (a) Rickets
Question 8
Which of these is a non-communicable disease?
(a) Common cold
(b) Flu
(c) Tuberculosis
(d) Diabetes
Answer: (d) Diabetes
Question 9
Which of the following is a symptom of a disease?
(a) High body temperature
(b) Doctor’s diagnosis
(c) Headache
(d) Positive test result
Answer: (a)
Question 10
Which of these lasts a long time and may cause permanent damage?
(a) Acute disease
(b) Chronic disease
(c) Deficiency disease
(d) Viral fever
Answer: (b)
Question 11
Which two diseases among the following are mainly spread through air?
(a) Dengue and diarrhoea
(b) Tuberculosis and measles
(c) Malaria and typhoid
(d) Typhoid and diarrhoea
Answer: (b
Question 12
Which of the following is a risk factor for non-communicable diseases?
(a) Vaccination
(b) Playing outdoor games
(c) Unhealthy diet and lack of exercise
(d) Drinking clean water
Answer: (c) Unhealthy diet and lack of exercise
Question 1
After a school picnic, several students develop fever and vomiting after drinking juice from a roadside stall. The doctor confirms that the illness spread through contaminated food.
Answer the following:
a) What type of disease is this?
b) How did the pathogen most likely enter the students' bodies?
c) Suggest two preventive measures to avoid such outbreaks.
Answer:
a) It is a communicable disease.
b) The pathogen entered through contaminated food or water.
c) Any two:
Drink safe and clean water.
Eat hygienically prepared food.
Question 2
A village has 98% of its children vaccinated against measles. A few children could not receive the vaccine because of medical reasons. During an outbreak, these unvaccinated children also remain protected.
Explain why this happened.
Answer:
Most people in the village were vaccinated, so the pathogen could not spread easily from one person to another. As a result, even the unvaccinated children received indirect protection. This phenomenon is called herd immunity.
Question 3
Rahul stops taking his prescribed antibiotics after three days because he starts feeling better. A few weeks later, he develops another bacterial infection, but the same antibiotic is no longer effective.
a) What mistake did Rahul make?
b) What concept explains why the medicine became less effective?
c) Why is this harmful to society?
Answer:
a) Rahul did not complete the full course of antibiotics.
b) The bacteria developed antibiotic resistance.
c) Resistant bacteria can spread to other people, making bacterial infections more difficult to treat.
Question 4
Anita looks physically fit and participates regularly in sports. However, she has been under severe stress for several months and has difficulty sleeping.
Based on the concept of health, answer the following:
a) Can Anita still be considered completely healthy?
b) Which dimension of health is affected?
c) Why is it important to maintain all dimensions of health?
Answer:
a) No.
b) Her mental health is affected.
c) Physical, mental and social health are interconnected. Poor mental health can eventually affect physical health and social relationships.
Question 5:
Read the following situations.
Case A: Rohan develops influenza after being in close contact with an infected classmate.
Case B: Mohan develops diabetes due to unhealthy eating habits and lack of physical activity.
Based on the cases, answer the following:
a) Which disease is communicable?
b) Which disease is non-communicable?
c) Why is vaccination useful for one disease but not the other?
Answer:
a) Influenza is a communicable disease.
b) Diabetes is a non-communicable disease.
c) Vaccination protects against diseases caused by pathogens, such as influenza. Diabetes is a lifestyle-related disease and cannot be prevented by vaccination. It is prevented mainly through healthy habits and regular physical activity.
Question 6
Why is health described as the "ultimate treasure"?
Answer:
Health is called the ultimate treasure because it:
Supports learning and work.
Improves relationships.
Promotes happiness.
Enables a productive life.
Enhances overall quality of life.
Even great wealth cannot compensate for poor health. Therefore, maintaining good health through prevention and a healthy lifestyle is the greatest treasure.
Question 7
What precautions should a family take if one member is suffering from influenza?
Answer:
The family should:
Isolate the infected person.
Avoid sharing personal items.
Wear masks.
Maintain good hygiene.
Cover the mouth and nose while coughing or sneezing.
Keep rooms well ventilated.
Use separate utensils for the patient.
Question 8
Why have diseases like smallpox become rare while diabetes is becoming more common?
Answer:
Smallpox has become rare because effective vaccination has controlled its spread.
Diabetes is increasing mainly because of unhealthy lifestyles such as:
Lack of physical activity
Poor diet
Sedentary habits
Increased stress
Irregular sleep patterns
Question 9
Explain how antibiotic-resistant bacteria can spread through the food chain.
Answer:
When antibiotics are overused in livestock:
Resistant bacteria develop in animals.
These bacteria may contaminate milk, meat or eggs.
Animal waste used as manure can contaminate soil and crops.
Humans consume contaminated food and resistant bacteria enter the body.
Thus, antibiotic resistance spreads through the food chain.
Question 10
Differentiate between communicable and non-communicable diseases with one example each.
Answer:
