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States of matter

Learning objectives What is matter? Particle model: core ideas Differences between states of matter Solids Liquids Gases Beyond the basics Change of state Evaporation vs boiling Factors increasing evaporation: Effect of temperature and pressure Everyday applications and examples Common misconceptions Quick check questions Revision table Property Solid Liquid Gas Shape Fixed Not fixed (takes container’s […]

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Difference between physical and chemical change

Physical change alters only the form, size, or state of a substance without forming a new substance, whereas chemical change produces one or more new substances with different properties. This article is suitable for students in Classes 7–10. It explains the difference between physical and chemical change with clear definitions, tests, and everyday examples, making

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Olfactory Indicators: Detecting Acids and Bases Through Smell

what is olfactory indicator? Olfactory indicators are natural substances that can detect acidic or basic solutions based on changes in their characteristic smell or odor. These indicators work by having different odors in acidic and basic media, making them useful for identifying the nature of unknown solutions without using traditional color-changing indicators. Also Read: Activity

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Quantum Numbers Chart

Quantum numbers are numerical values that describe the properties of atomic orbitals and the electrons in those orbitals. They are essential for understanding the arrangement of electrons in atoms and the resulting chemical behavior of elements. There are four primary quantum numbers: principal (n), azimuthal (l), magnetic ($m_l$), and spin ($m_s$). Here is the chart

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CBSE class 12 Chemistry Syllabus 2024-2025

Here is  CBSE class 12 Chemistry Syllabus 2024-2025 CLASS XII (THEORY) (Total Periods 110) Unit II: Solutions (10 Periods)Types of solutions, expression of concentration of solutions of solids in liquids, solubility of gases in liquids, solid solutions, Raoult’s law, colligative properties – relative lowering of vapour pressure, elevation of boiling point, depression of freezing point,

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