Physics

When a PN junction is reversed biased it allows very small current to flow through it. This current is due to the movement of minority charge carriers and it is almost independent of the voltage applied.
If reverse bias is made too high, the current through PN junction increases abruptly and the voltage at which this phenomenon occurs is called breakdown voltage .

These are some conceptual questions in thermodynamics along with their solutions. Hope they are helpful to you

Question: If you are riding on a train that speeds past other train moving in the same direction on adjacent train.It appears the other train is moving backward. Why?

Solution:
Your reference frame is that of the train you are riding. If you are traveling with a relatively constant velocity (not over

Since the car is turning on a curve, The car will be accelerating as direction of the car changes even the velocity is constant. This acceleration is centripetal acceleration And centripetal force will be providing it,
There are three cases with turning
1) Unbanked curve.
2) Banked curve with no friction
3) Banked curve with friction

This can be done in these simple steps

1) First draw a free body diagram of the body showing all the forces on it.

2) Carefully choose a X-Y coordinate system so that direction of the motion or direction of force lies in X or Y direction. This will simplfy the Problem

3) Applying Newton’s law find out any unknown forces

For one dimensional motion, the force can be found from Potential energy using following formula

Acceleration Formula Acceleration is the rate of change of velocity with time. It is a measure of the change in the velocity of an object per unit time and mathematically acceleration formula  is given as For describing average acceleration, we first consider the motion of an object along a straight line.Suppose at time t1 object is at