CBSE Important Questions for Heredity and Evolution Class 10
Short Answer Type Questions
Question 1. What is speciation? Answer It is the development of one or more species from an existing species. Question 2. What are genes and where they are located? Answer Genes are part of DNA containing genetical details of the body, they are located in the chromosomes.
Question 3. An organ like a wing in birds is an advantage to the organism. Did they appear in different stages or were formed due to single sudden change in them? Answer No, wings of birds didn't appear suddenly. They were gradually evolved through different stages. Question 4. What happens when a dead insect is caught in hot mud? Give two points? Answer Higher temperature of hot mud will speedup the decomposition process. So, insect buried under hot mud will not be well preserved but is decomposed. Question 5. If it said that, ‘there is no real progress in the idea of evolution, then what evolution is’? Explain. Answer Question 6. Who is the father of Genetics? Answer Question 7. Write the scientific name of men and garden pea? Answer Question 8. What conclusion was drawn by Mendel after obtaining F2 progeny in a dihybrid cross? Answer Question 9. What is the study of fossils known as? Answer
Question 10. Identification of human races was done by a particular trait. Name the trait? Answer Question 11. Explain what happen when in a group of organism, if organisms are not able to survive in changing environmental conditions? Answer Question 12. Explain the two ways by which individuals with a particular trait may increase n a population? Answer Question 13. What is the outcome of genetic drift between two sub. Populations. Answer Question 14. Sometimes, accidentally a dead body or its part get buried under depositing sediments and are preserved. These are fossils. How can the estimation of the age of fossils be done? Answer Question 15. Why are wings of butterfly ad wings of bat considered analogous? Give reason. Answer Question 16. What is the significance of variation? Answer Question 17. What is natural selection? Answer Question 18. What are dominant and recessive traits? Answer Question 19. Only variations that confer an advantage to an individual organism will survive in a population. Do you agree with this statement? Why or why not? Answer Question 20. Why did Mendel select pea plant for conducting his experiment on inheritance? Answer Question 21. The sex of the children is determined by what they inherit from their father and not their mother. Justify. Answer Question 22. What are acquired characters? Give example. Answer Question 23. Explain the terms analogous and homologous organs with examples? Answer Question 24. How gene is responsible for controlling a trait? Explain by giving an example. Answer Question 25. Define Genetics. Answer
Long Answer type Questions
Question 1
“The sex of a newborn individual in some species is largely determined genetically while in other it is otherwise.” Give three different examples to justify this statement? Question 2
If evolution is not equated with progress and further it is slow and gradual process then what could be the progressive trend in evolution? Explain giving a example. Question 3
How is the equal genetic contribution of male and female parents ensured in the progeny? Question 4
What evidence do we have for the origin of life from inanimate matter? Question 5
Do genetic combinations of mother play a significant role in determining the sex of new born? Question 6
“Variation is beneficial to the species, but not necessarily for the individual”. Give reason. Question 7
“It is possible that a trait is inherited but may not be expressed.” Give a suitable example to justify this statement. Question 8
(a) Write the evidence o the basis of which it is concluded that birds have evolved from reptiles?
(b) Insects, Octopus, Planaria and Vertebrates also possess eyes. Can these animals be grouped together o the basis of the eyes they possess? Why or why not? Give reason to justify your answer. Question 9
If a trait A exists in 10% of a population of an asexually reproducing species and a trait B exists I 60%of the same population? Which is likely to have arisen earlier? Question 10
List thee factors that provide evidences in favour of evolution in organisms & state the role of each in brief? Question 11
List in tabular form distinguishing features between acquired traits and inherited traits with one example of each? Question 12
A blue flower plant denoted by BB is crossed with that of white coloured flower plant denoted by bb.
(a)State the colour of flower you would expect in their F1 generation plants.
(b)What must be the percentage of white flower plants in F2 generation if flower of F1 plants are self – pollinated?
(c)State the expected ratio of the genotypes BB in the F2 progeny? Question 13 Define the term ‘evolution’. “Evolution should not be equated with progress”? Give reason to justify this statement. Question 14
How can a pure breed be represented symbolically? Explain by taking the example of purple and white flowers? Question 15
How do Mendel’s experiments show that traits are inherited independently? Depict with the help of example. Question 16
Mendel made two different types of cross monohybrid and dihybrid. Why did he obtain different type of ratios in his experiments? Question 17
Charles Darwin came up with the idea of evolution of species by natural selection. How Gregor Mendel’s experiments support Drawin’s view? Question 18
In a population of red beetles, living o green bushes, is being eater by crows. During sexual reproduction, a green beetle is found in progeny:
(a)What is the future of new trait?
(b)Will it survive in the new habitat?
Question 19
How do variations affect the evolution of those organisms that reproduce sexually? Question 20
Evolutionary relationship can be traced by study of homologons organ. Explain. Question 21
Natural selection of traits is different from artificial selection. Differentiate between the two by giving three points? Question 22
When is a recessive trait capable of expressing itself? Write its expression with respect to height of plant (genotype)? Question 23
How do Mendel’s experiments show that the
(a)traits may be dominant or recessive?
(b)traits are inherited independently? Question 24
What are fossils? How are they formed? Describe in brief two methods of determining the age of fossils. State any one role of fossils in the study of the process of evolution. Question 25
Name any five vegetables generated from a common ancestor through artificial selection rather than natural selection. Also mention the features for which each vegetable is selected. Question 26
How is the sex of the child determined in human beings? Question 27
What is speciation? List four factors that could lead to speciation, which of these cannot be a major factor in the speciation of a self – pollinating plant species explain? Question 28
A man with blood group A marries a woman with blood group O and their daughter has blood group O. Is this information enough to tell you which of the traits- bold A or O is dominant? Why or why not?
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