NCERT Solutions for Class 7 Science Chapter 4: Acid Base and Salt
In this page we have NCERT Solutions for Class 7 Science Chapter : Acid Base and Salt . Hope you like them and do not forget to like , social share
and comment at the end of the page.
Question 1
State differences between acids and bases. Answer
The differences are given in table below
Question 2.
Ammonia is found in many household products, such as window cleaners. It turns red litmus blue. What is its nature? Answer
As Ammonia turns red litmus blue so it is basic in nature.
Question 3
Name the source from which litmus solution is obtained. What is the use of this solution? Answer
Litmus solution is obtained from lichens dissolved in distilled water.
It is used to detect the acidic and basic characteristic of a substance as it changes its colour to red in acidic medium and into blue in basic medium.
Question 4
Is the distilled water acidic/basic/neutral? How would you verify it? Answer
The distilled water is neutral. This can be tested by Litmus paper
Litmus paper can be used to verify whether the distilled water acidic/basic/neutral. Distilled water doesn't change the colour of blue or red litmus paper. So, it is neutral in nature. Question 5
Describe the process of neutralization with the help of an example. Answer
When an acid solution and a base solution are mixed in suitable amounts both the solutions neutralize/cancel the effect of each other and a new substance salt is formed. This process is called neutralization.
So neutralization is the chemical reaction between acid and base
Example
When the solution of sodium hydroxide (a base) and hydrochloric acid (an acid) is mixed in test tube in proper ratio, both neutralize each other. In this reaction, a new substance sodium chloride is formed. The mixture obtain is neutral in nature which can be justified by litmus solution or phenolphthalein solution.
Hydrochloric acid(HCl) + Sodium hydroxide(NaOH) → Sodium Chloride(NaCl) + Water (H2O)
Question 6
Mark ‘T’ if the statement is true and ‘F’ if it is false:
(i) Nitric acid turn red litmus blue. (T/F)
(ii) Sodium hydroxide turns blue litmus red. (T/F)
(iii) Sodium hydroxide and hydrochloric acid neutralize each other and form salt and water. (T/F)
(iv) Indicator is a substance which shows different colours in acidic and basic solutions. (T/F)
(v) Tooth decay is caused by the presence of a base. (T/F) Answer
(i) F
(ii) F
(iii) T
(iv) T
(v) F
Question 8
Dorji has a few bottles of soft drink in his restaurant. But, unfortunately, these are not labelled. He has to serve the drinks on the demand of customers. One customer wants acidic drink, another wants basic and third one wants neutral drink. How will Dorji decide which drink is to be served to whom? Answer
Dorji can do two things
(1) As drink can be edible, Dorji can taste them, if it is sour then acidic, if it is bitter than basic and if no taste, the neutral
(2) Dorji can use Litmus paper or solution. She will take red and blue litmus paper and dip drop of soft drink on them. The drink in which red litmus paper turns blue is bottle of basic drink. The drink in which blue litmus paper turns red is bottle of acidic drink. The drink in which both litmus paper shows no changes in colour is of neutral drink.
Question 8.
Explain why:
(a) An antacid tablet is taken when you suffer from acidity.
(b) Calamine solution is applied on the skin when an ant bites.
(c) Factory waste is neutralized before disposing it into the water bodies. Answer
(a) Excessive amount of acids in stomach causes pain and antacids prove relief from that pain. Antacids such as milk of magnesia neutralizes the effect of excessive acid as it is a base and acts against the acids.
(b) When an ant bites, it injects the acidic liquid (formic acid) into the skin. Calamine solution contains zinc carbonate which neutralizes the effect of acid injected by the ant.
(c) Factory waste is neutralized before disposing it into the water bodies because these wastes contain chemicals and harmful acids which may be harmful for the aquatic life and also its leads to pollution of water.
Question 9.
Three liquids are given to you. One is hydrochloric acid, another is sodium hydroxide and third is a sugar solution. How will you identify them? You have only turmeric indicator. Answer
(1) Put a drop of three liquids on turmeric indicator. The liquid in which the colour of turmeric indicator changes to red is basic in nature i.e. sodium hydroxide.
Turmeric indicator(yellow) + Three liquids -> sodium hydroxide (Colour changes to red)
Since, we already identified sodium hydroxide.
We will put a drop of sodium hydroxide with drop of other liquid separately. sodium hydroxide(base) and hydrochloric acid will neutralize each other. So it will form neutral solution. If we put turmeric colour in it, no colour change will happen
Hydrochloric acid(HCl) + Sodium hydroxide(NaOH) → Sodium Chloride(NaCl) + Water (H2O) + Turmeric indicator(yellow) -> No color change
Sodium hydroxide(base) and sugar solution will form basic solution. If we put turmeric colour in it, it colour will change to red
Sodium hydroxide(NaOH) + Sugar solution -> Basic solution + Turmeric indicator(yellow) -> Colour change to red
Question 10
Blue litmus paper is dipped in a solution. It remains blue. What is the nature of the solution? Explain. Answer
The above solution could be a base or a neutral solution because blue litmus paper doesn't change its colour in the neutral as well as basic solution.
Question 11
Consider the following statements:
(a) Both acids and bases change colour of all indicators.
(b) If an indicator gives a colour change with an acid, it does not give a change with a base.
(c) If an indicator changes colour with a base, it does not change colour with an acid.
(d) Change of colour in an acid and a base depends on the type of the indicator.
Which of these statements are correct?
(i) All four
(ii) a and d
(iii) b and c
(iv) only d Answer
(iv) only d
