Question 1: Where is water from undigested food absorbed in the body? Question 2: Where is digested food absorbed in the body? Question 3: Name the type of teeth which are for
Chewing and grinding food
Piercing and tearing food
Biting and cutting food
Question 4: Name the parts of Amoeba which help it in moving and capturing food. Question 5: State whether the following statements are true or false
The tongue helps in mixing saliva with food.
Digestion of starch starts in stomach.
Amino acids provide energy to our body.
The blood takes digested food to all the cells of the body.
Short answer type questions
Question 6: What do you understand by term ‘assimilation’ in the process of digestion? Question 7: How is food ingested by Amoeba? Question 8: What happens to food in stomach? Question 9: Where is saliva produced? Write about its main functions. Question 10: How is the process of digestion different in ruminants? Question 11: What is a gall bladder? What is its role? Question 12: How do you differentiate between absorption and assimilation? Question 13: Why do we get instant energy from glucose? Question 14: Which organ in the cow's digestive system differentiate it from that of human beings?
Answer
Stomach: The stomach of ruminants such as cows consists of 4 compartments: rumen, reticulum, omasum and abomasum.
Question 15: Why do vegetables and fruits keep the digestive system clean?
Answer
vegetables and fruits contain fibres which clean the digestive system.
Question 16: Name the following:
(a)It digests carbohydrates, proteins and fats in the small intestine.
(b) It transports the nutrients from the undigested food to every cell of the body.
(c) It breaks down starch into sugar in the mouth.
(d) It produces bile juice.
(e) It secretes pepsin.
(f) They are building blocks of proteins.
(g) It protects the lining of the stomach.
(h) It secretes pancreatic juice.
Answer
(a) Pancreatic juice
(b) Blood
(c) Amylase
(d) Liver
(e) Gastric juice
(f) Amino acids
(g)Mucosa
(h)Pancreas
Question 17: Where are Villi located? What is their function?
Answer
The inner walls of the small intestine have finger- like projections called villi. Through these villi digested food is absorbed. These Villi are richly supplied with blood vessels. All the simple substances like glucose, amino acids, fatty acids and Vitamins that are obtained from food pass into the blood present in these blood vessels.
Question 18: Why does a piece of Chapati chewed for a longer time begin to taste sweet?
Answer
As it contains carbohydrates, so on treating it with amylase (present in saliva) convert carbohydrates into simple sugar that makes the taste sweet.
Question 19: How does the human body obtain fatty acids?
Answer
Fats present in food items such as butter, oil, milk and meat are complex substances, which are broken into simple fatty acids by lipase present in pancreatic juice.
Question 20: Describe the digestion of carbohydrates?
Answer
Starch (complex carbohydrate) present in the food such as potato, rice and wheat, breaks down into glucose (simple sugar) by pancreatic juice secreted by pancreas.
Question 21: How are proteins in your food digested?
Answer
Proteins present in the food items such as pulses, milk and fish are complex substances. They are broken into amino acids by pepsin in gastric juice secreted by stomach and trypsin in pancreatic juice secreted by pancreas.
Question 22: How is energy obtained by the cell of our body?
Answer
The glucose, which is the final product of carbohydrate digestion is broken down inside the cell in the presence of oxygen. During this process, the energy present in glucose is released along with carbon dioxide and water. This process is known as cellular respiration. This is how cells obtain energy and use it to perform different functions.
Question 23: Why is the small intestine richly supplied with blood vessels?
Answer
Because the absorption of food (nutrients) takes place in the small intestine through the villi and the absorbed food moves to blood present in blood vessels for assimilation.
Long answer type questions
Question 24: Briefly describe the process of nutrition in amoeba Question 25: Write the functions of different types of teeth. Question 26: Briefly explain the process of digestion in ruminants Question 27: Draw a labelled diagram of human digestive system. Question 28: Write about the various steps involved in the process of nutrition.
Match the columns
Column 1
Column 2
1. frog
a. engulfs food by false feet
2. hydra
b. catches insects with its tongue
3. Amoeba
c. uses tentacles for ingestion of food
4. spider
d. uses cilia for ingestion of food
5. paramecium
e. uses proboscis to get food
6. butterfly
f. lives on liquid food
7. tearing of meat
g. milk teeth
8. teeth that fall off in children
h. tongue
9. taste buds
i. mastication
10. chewing and mixing of food
j. canines
Answer
1 – b 2 – c 3 – a 4 – f 5 – d 6 – e 7 – j 8 – g 9 – h 10 – i
Fill in the Blanks:
1.During the process of digestion carbohydrates are broken down into _________
2.During digestion Complex substance are broken down into _________
3.The organ that stores bile is _________
4.In human beings most of the nutrients are absorbed by the _________
5.The inner walls of the stomach secrete _________
6.After chewing an apple, the crushed Apple is swallowed and passed from the _________
7.The bile helps in the breakdown of _________
8.Amoeba takes in food by the use of _________
9.The engulfed food in Amoeba is trapped in the _________
10.The digested food moves from the stomach to the _________
11.During digestion proteins are broken down into _________
12.Pancreas is located just below the _________
13.Excess water in the food is absorbed in the _________
14.Grass is rich in carbohydrates known as _________
15.The digestive juice that begins the digestion of carbohydrate is _________
16.The semi digested food in the stomach called _________
17.The digestion of food completed in _________
18.During digestion fat is broken down into _________
19.Glucose combines with oxygen and produces _________
20.The process by which a living cell releases energy from glucose is called _________
Answer
1. glucose
2. Small simple molecules
3. gallbladder
4. small intestine
5. mucus and hydrochloric acid
6. mouth to oesophagus
7. fats
8. Pseudopodia
9. food vacuole
10. small intestine
11. Amino acids
12. stomach
13. large intestine
14. Cellulose
15. salivary amylase
16. Chyme
17. small intestine
18. fatty acids
19. energy
20. cellular respiration
