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Classification of Organic Compounds





Classification of Organic Compound

Organic compounds can be classified as given below
Classification

Acyclic compound

These are known as aliphatic compounds. They consist of straight chain or branched compounds.
Example
Acyclic compound

Cyclic Compounds

Alicyclic Compounds: Alicyclic (aliphatic cyclic) compounds contain carbon atoms joined in the form of a ring
Homo-cyclic : Only Carbon atoms in the rings

Heterocyclic : Sometimes we have atom other than carbon in the ring also

Aromatic Compounds: - These are homo-cyclic compounds having at least one benzene ring in it.
Benzenoid compounds

Non-benzenoid compound

Heterocyclic aromatic compounds

 

Functional groups

A functional group may be defined as an atom or a group of atoms present in a molecule which largely determines the chemical properties
Functional groups
Example
CH3—C ≡ C—CH3
CH2 = CH—CH = CH


HOMOLOGOUS SERIES

Homologous series is defined as a family or group of structurally similar organic compounds all members of which contain the same functional group, show a gradation in physical and similarity in chemical properties and any two adjacent members of which differ by -CH2 group. The individual members of this group are called homologues and the phenomenon is called homology




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