Classification of Organic Compound
Organic compounds can be classified as given below
Acyclic compound
These are known as aliphatic compounds. They consist of straight chain or branched compounds.
Example
Cyclic Compounds
Alicyclic Compounds: Alicyclic (aliphatic cyclic) compounds contain carbon atoms joined in the form of a ring
Homo-cyclic : Only Carbon atoms in the rings
Heterocyclic : Sometimes we have atom other than carbon in the ring also
Aromatic Compounds: - These are homo-cyclic compounds having at least one benzene ring in it.
Benzenoid compounds
Non-benzenoid compound
Heterocyclic aromatic compounds
Functional groups
A functional group may be defined as an atom or a group of atoms present in a molecule which largely determines the chemical properties
Example
CH3—C ≡ C—CH3
CH2 = CH—CH = CH
HOMOLOGOUS SERIES
Homologous series is defined as a family or group of structurally similar organic compounds all members of which contain the same functional group, show a gradation in physical and similarity in chemical properties and any two adjacent members of which differ by -CH2 group. The individual members of this group are called homologues and the phenomenon is called homology
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