Organic compounds can be classified as given below
Acyclic compound
These are known as aliphatic compounds. They consist of straight chain or branched compounds. Example
Cyclic Compounds
Alicyclic Compounds: Alicyclic (aliphatic cyclic) compounds contain carbon atoms joined in the form of a ring Homo-cyclic : Only Carbon atoms in the rings Heterocyclic : Sometimes we have atom other than carbon in the ring also Aromatic Compounds: - These are homo-cyclic compounds having at least one benzene ring in it. Benzenoid compounds Non-benzenoid compound Heterocyclic aromatic compounds
Functional groups
A functional group may be defined as an atom or a group of atoms present in a molecule which largely determines the chemical properties Example
CH3—C ≡ C—CH3
CH2 = CH—CH = CH
HOMOLOGOUS SERIES
Homologous series is defined as a family or group of structurally similar organic compounds all members of which contain the same functional group, show a gradation in physical and similarity in chemical properties and any two adjacent members of which differ by -CH2 group. The individual members of this group are called homologues and the phenomenon is called homology
