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Introduction to Graphs




Table Of content
  • Graphs
  • Various type of Common Graphs
  • Solved Examples on Graphs
  • Cartesian system

    • Graphs

    Graphs are visual representations of data collected. They often helped us in showing the trend of the data. They are used in various field and it is of immense help to the people. There are many kind of Graph and each of these serve specific purpose.
     

    Various type of Common Graphs

    Bar Graph

    A bar graph is used to show comparison among categories
     
    Introduction to Graphs :Bar Graph
     

    Pie Chart

    A circle graph shows the relationship between a whole and its part
     
    Introduction to Graphs: Pie Chart
     
     

    Histograms

    A Histogram is a bar graph that shows data in intervals. It has adjacent bars over the intervals
     
    Histogram
     

    line graph

     
    A line graph displays data that changes continuously over periods of time.
     
    Introduction to Graphs:Line Graph
     

    linear graph.

     
    A line graph which is a whole unbroken line is called a linear graph
    Linear Graph
     
     

    Solved Examples on Graphs

     
    Draw the Line Graph for the following
    a)
    Sales (crore)
    		 10
    		 15
    		 20
    		 15
    		 25
    Year
    		 2013
    		 2014
    		 2015
    		 2016
    		 2017
     
    b)
     
    Time
    		 10
    		 11
    		 12
    		 13
    		 14
    Temperature
    		 250C
    		 260C
    		 300C
    		 350C
    		 400C
     
    Solution
    a)
    Example of Line Graph of Class 8 Maths Introduction to Graph chapter
    b)
    Example of Line Graph

    Cartesian system

    The system of fixing a point with the help of two measurements, vertical and horizontal is known as Cartesian system
     
     
    Introduction to Graphs: Cartesian system
     
    Important points
    (1) The horizontal axis is called X-axis
    (2) The vertical axis is called the Y-axis
    (3) O is the origin
    (4) Any point is depicted by distance from both the axis
    (5) The horizontal distance is called the x-coordinate
    (6) The vertical distance is called the y -coordinate
    Example
    Example of Cartesian system
    Find the coordinates of the each of the point in the given below figure
    Solution
    A( 4,5)
    B(5,0)
    C(3,3)
    D( 1,2)
    E(2,1)
    F(5.5,0)
    G( 2,0)
     

    Test your Knowledge

    (1) __________________ are visual representations of data collected.
    (2) A line graph which is a whole unbroken line is called a _____
    (3) The system of fixing a point with the help of two measurements, vertical and horizontal is known as _________
    (4) Cartesian system is named in honour of 17th century mathematician ______
    (5) (0,0) is called _____

     

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