NCERT Solutions for Class 10 Maths Chapter 4 Exercise 4.2
In this page we have NCERT Solutions for Class 10th Maths: Chapter 4 - Quadratic Equations for
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We can solve Quadratic equation using Factorization
NCERT Solutions Quadratic Equations Exercise 4.2
Question 1.
Find the roots of the following quadratic equations by factorization:
(i) x2 – 3x – 10 = 0
(ii) 2x2 + x – 6 = 0
(iii) √2 x2 + 7x + 5√2 = 0
(iv) 2x2 – x + 1/8 = 0
(v) 100x2 – 20x + 1 = 0
Answer
(i) x2 – 3x – 10=0 x2 - 5x + 2x – 10=0 x(x - 5) + 2(x - 5)=0
(x - 5)(x + 2)=0
∴ x - 5 = 0 or x + 2 = 0 x = 5 or x = -2
(ii) 2x2 + x – 6=0
2x2 + 4x - 3x – 6=0
2x(x + 2) - 3(x + 2)=0
(x + 2)(2x - 3)=0
∴ x + 2 = 0 or 2x - 3 = 0 x = -2 or x = 3/2
(iii) √2 x2 + 7x + 5√2=0
√2 x2 + 5x + 2x + 5√2 =0 x (√2x + 5) + √2(√2x + 5)=0
(√2x + 5)(x + √2)=0
∴ √2x + 5 = 0 or x + √2 = 0 x = -5/√2 or x = -√2
(iv) 2x2 – x + 1/8=0
1/8 (16x2 - 8x + 1)=0
1/8 (16x2 - 4x -4x + 1)=0
1/8 (4x(4x - 1) -1(4x - 1))=0
1/8(4x - 1)2 = 0
(4x - 1) = 0 or (4x - 1) = 0 x = 1/4 or x = 1/4
Question 2.
(i) John and Jivanti together have 45 marbles. Both of them lost 5 marbles each, and the product of the number of marbles they now have is 124. Find out how many marbles they had to start with.
(ii) A cottage industry produces a certain number of toys in a day. The cost of production of each toy (in rupees) was found to be 55 minus the number of toys produced in a day. On a particular day, the total cost of production was Rs 750. Find out the number of toys produced on that day.
Answer
i) Let the number of John's marbles be x.
Therefore, number of Jivanti's marble = 45 - x
After losing 5 marbles,
Number of John's marbles = x - 5
Number of Jivanti's marbles = 45 - x - 5 = 40 - x
As per question the product of their marbles is 124.
∴ (x - 5) (40 - x) = 124 x2 – 45x + 324 = 0
Solving by factorization method x2 – 36x - 9x + 324 = 0 x(x - 36) -9(x - 36) = 0
(x - 36)(x - 9) = 0
Either x - 36 = 0 or x - 9 = 0
⇒ x = 36 or x = 9
If the number of John's marbles = 36,
Then, number of Jivanti's marbles = 45 - 36 = 9
If number of John's marbles = 9,
Then, number of Jivanti's marbles = 45 - 9 = 36
ii)
Let the number of toys produced be x.
∴ Cost of production of each toy = Rs (55 - x)
As per problem, total production of the toys = Rs 750
∴ x(55 - x) = 750 x2 – 55x + 750 = 0
Solving by factorization method x2 – 25x - 30x + 750 = 0 x(x - 25) -30(x - 25) = 0
(x - 25)(x - 30) = 0
Either, x -25 = 0 or x - 30 = 0
⇒ x = 25 or x = 30
Hence, the number of toys will be either 25 or 30.
Question 3
Find two numbers whose sum is 27 and product is 182.
Answer
Let the first number be x and the second number is 27 - x.
Therefore, their product = x (27 - x)
Now as per question the product of these numbers is 182.
So, x(27 - x) = 182 x2 – 27x + 182 = 0 x2 – 13x - 14x + 182 = 0 x(x - 13) -14(x - 13) = 0
(x - 13)(x -14) = 0
Either x = -13 = 0 or x - 14 = 0
⇒ x = 13 or x = 14
If first number = 13, then
Other number = 27 - 13 = 14
If first number = 14, then
Other number = 27 - 14 = 13
Therefore, the numbers are 13 and 14.
Question 4
Find two consecutive positive integers, sum of whose squares is 365.
Answer
Let the consecutive positive integers be x and x + 1.
Therefore, x2 + (x + 1)2 = 365 x2 + x2 + 1 + 2x = 365
2x2 + 2x - 364 = 0 x2 + x - 182 = 0
Solving by factorization method x2 + 14x - 13x - 182 = 0 x(x + 14) -13(x + 14) = 0
(x + 14)(x - 13) = 0
Either x + 14 = 0 or x - 13 = 0,
⇒ x = - 14 or x = 13
Since the integers are positive, x can only be 13.
∴ x + 1 = 13 + 1 = 14
Therefore, two consecutive positive integers will be 13 and 14.
Question 5
The altitude of a right triangle is 7 cm less than its base. If the hypotenuse is 13 cm, find the other two sides.
Answer
Let the base of the right triangle be x cm.
Its altitude = (x - 7) cm
From Pythagoras theorem, we have
Base2 + Altitude2 = Hypotenuse2
∴ x2 + (x - 7)2 = 132 x2 + x2 + 49 - 14x = 169
2x2 - 14x - 120 = 0 x2 - 7x - 60 = 0
Solving by factorization method x2 - 12x + 5x - 60 = 0 x(x - 12) + 5(x - 12) = 0
(x - 12)(x + 5) = 0
Either x - 12 = 0 or x + 5 = 0,
⇒ x = 12 or x = - 5
Since sides are positive, x can only be 12.
Therefore, the base of the given triangle is 12 cm and the altitude of this triangle will be (12 - 7) cm = 5 cm.
Question 6
A cottage industry produces a certain number of pottery articles in a day. It was observed on a particular day that the cost of production of each article (in rupees) was 3 more than twice the number of articles produced on that day. If the total cost of production on that day was Rs 90, find the number of articles produced and the cost of each article.
Answer
Let the number of articles produced be x.
Therefore, cost of production of each article = Rs (2x + 3)
As per question that the total production is Rs 90
So x(2x + 3) = 0
2x2 + 3x - 90 = 0
Solving by factorization method
2x2 + 15x -12x - 90 = 0 x(2x + 15) -6(2x + 15) = 0
(2x + 15)(x - 6) = 0
Either 2x + 15 = 0 or x - 6 = 0
⇒ x = -15/2 or x = 6
As the number of articles produced can only be a positive integer, therefore, x can only be 6.
Hence, number of articles produced = 6
Cost of each article = 2 × 6 + 3 = Rs 15.
Summary
NCERT Solutions for Class 10th Maths: Chapter 4 - Quadratic Equations Ex 4.2 has been prepared by Expert with utmost care. If you find any mistake.Please do provide feedback on mail.You can download this as pdf Download NCERT solution Quadratic Equation Exercise 4.2 as pdf
This chapter 4 has total 4 Exercise 4.1 ,4.2,4.3 and 4.4. This is the Second exercise in the chapter.You can explore previous exercise of this chapter by clicking the link below
