Class 10 Respiration | Life processes Important questions
In this page we have Important Questions for Class 10 Life processes Respiration . Hope you like them and do not forget to like , social share and comment at the end of the page.
a. Very Short answer type
b. Short answer type
c. Long answer questions
Very Short Answer type
Question 1
Why do organisms need food? Answer
Organisms need food for obtaining energy to perform the vital functions.
Question 2
What is a respiratory substrate? Answer
The substance used by the cell to derive energy is called a respiratory substrate
Question 3
How does food yield energy? Answer
Food is broken energy in the form of ATP.
Question 5
Name a few respiratory substrates. Which of them is most commonly used? Answer
Carbohydrates, fats, proteins are some of the respiratory substrate. The most commonly used of them is glucose, a carbohydrate.
Question 6
Give the general equation for respiration? Answer
$C_6H_{12}O_6+6O_2 \rightarrow 6CO_2+6H_2O+38ATP$
Question 7
Which are the respiratory organs in man? Answer
The respiratory organs in man are the lungs.
Question 8
What is anaerobic respiration? Answer
Respiration or breakdown of food in the complete absence of free oxygen is called anaerobic respiration.
Question 9
Name two anaerobes. Answer
E.coli and Clostridium tetani are two anaerobes
Question 10
Where do you find anaerobic respiration in animals? Answer
In animals, anaerobic respiration can be seen in certain skeletal muscle cells when they are short of oxygen. for example, during the period of heavy exercise.
Short Answer type
Question 11
What are the stages of respiration? Answer
Respiration takes place in the following stages: External respiration or gaseous exchange: The exchange of gases between the environment and the body is called external respiration or gaseous exchange. Internal respiration: The bio-chemical processes involved in respiration which break down the substrate to release energy take place in the tissues within the cells of an organism. Thus, this is also called the cellular or tissue respiration.
Question 12
What is the respiratory surface? Answer
The area where the gaseous exchange takes place is called the respiratory surface.
Question 13
What are the characteristics of an ideal respiratory surface? Answer
The respiration surface should have the following characteristics:
(a) It should be permeable to the gases.
(b)It should be thin (1 mm or less) to allow effective diffusion.
(c) It should be richly supplied with blood vessels or bodily fluids to allow maximum uptake of oxygen in minimum time.
Question 14
How does gaseous exchange take place in the lower plants? Answer
In lower plants exchange of gases takes place through the general body surface as they are not highly modified or specialized.
Question 15
Which part of a plant is involved in the gaseous exchange? Answer
The entire plant is involved in gaseous exchange- leaves (stomata), stem (lenticels) and general surface of the roots.
Question 16
How does gaseous exchange take place in the leaves? Answer
The leaves have openings called the stomata which are generally on the lower surface of the leaves. It is through the stomata that the gases and water vapour diffuse in and out easily. The oxygen diffuses in through the stomata and then enters the leaf cells.
Similarly, the carbon dioxide produced by the leaf cells diffuses out through the stomata.
Question 17
What are lenticels? Answer
In woody stems, the entire surface is covered by dark which is impervious to gases or water.
However, there are certain openings or pores in the layer of bark. These are called the lenticels. They are visible more raised then the general surface of the stem. At the base of the lenticels are loosely arranged cells which allow the diffused gases to pass in and out.
Question 18
What are pneumatophores? Answer
Plants which grow in salty water show specialized roots called the on. These are roots growing out of the surface of water with numerous pores on their surface.
Question 19
How does exchange of gases take place in fish? Answer
Fish have specialized organs called the gills for exchange of gases.
Question 20
From where do the fish obtain their oxygen supply? Answer
Fish utilize the oxygen dissolved in the water in which they live.
Question 21
What is operculum? Answer
It is a plate- like cover made up of muscles and bony layer present on the outer side of the gills.
Question 22
What is breathing? Answer
The mechanism of taking in oxygen and giving out carbon dioxide is called breathing.
Question 23
Breathing and respiration are not synonymous. Why? Answer
Respiration involves both the mechanical and the bio- chemical processes whereas breathing is only the mechanical or physical process of exchange of gases.
Question 24
What is cellular respiration? Answer
In the cells, the substrate, often glucose, is broken down into carbon dioxide and water in the presence of oxygen. This process releases energy and involves a series of bio- chemical reactions. This is called cellular respiration.
Question 25
What are the major steps of cellular respiration? Answer The major steps of cellular respiration are:
a. Glycolysis
b. Krebs’s cycle
c. Electron Transport Chain
Question 26
Name the various parts of the respiratory tract. Answer
The various parts of the respiratory tract are nose, pharynx, glottis, larynx, trachea, bronchus, bronchioles, alveolar ducts and alveoli.
Long Answer type
Question 27
Describe inspiration and expiration in fish? Answer
Water moves through the gills by the coordinated action of mouth and the operculum. Taking in water and thereby oxygen is called inspiration and exit of water is called expiration.
Question 28
Where are the lungs in man situated? Answer
In man, there are a pair of lungs present in the thoracic cavity. They are found next to the heart. Towards the front they are protected by the chest wall that is formed by the rib cage and the muscles associated with the ribs. There are 12 pairs of ribs and two sets of muscles called the outer and inner intercostal muscles in the chest wall. Posteriorly, lungs are bound by a muscular diaphragm that separates the thoracic cavity
Lungs are spongy, lobed and elastic organs that are broad at the bottom and tapering towards the top. They consist of air sacs, the alveolar ducts, bronchioles (which connect them to the respiratory tract) and the blood vessels.
Each lung in enclosed by two membranes called the outer and the inner pleural membrane. The membranes enclosed a space called the pleural cavity that contains a fluid. The lungs are capable of expanding and contracting as they are elastic organs. Lubrication for their free movement is provided by the fluid in the pleural cavity.
Question 29
Write a Detailed note about the nasal cavity? Answer
The nasal cavity opens to the outside through the opening called the nostrils. The nasal cavity is lined by fine hairs that filter the dust particles from the air. It is separated from the mouth by hard and soft palate that form its floor. It opens into the region called the pharynx.
Question 30
What are the functions of the pharynx? Answer
pharynx is the region of the respiratory tract that connects the nasal cavity to the larynx. It is a region which is common to the passage of food and air. It has two functions:
(a) Taking in of extra air when required. For example, during heavy exercise.
(b)Allowing passage of air when the nose is blocked.
Question 31
(i)What is respiration?
(ii)What is the significance of respiration? Answer
Respiration is an important process in nature. It is the process by which the organic compounds are broken down to release energy in the form of ATP molecules. Respiration makes use of oxygen and releases carbon dioxide, which is then used by plants during photosynthesis that releases oxygen. Thus, respiration has an important role to play in maintaining the delicate oxygen- carbon dioxide balance in nature.
Question 32
Write short notes on trachea. Answer
Trachea is also called the windpipe. The trachea are held open with the help of C-shaped cartilaginous rings. The open ends of the rings are towards esophagus- the food pipe. Trachea is situated in front of the esophagus. The cartilages keep the larynx and trachea from collapsing even when there is no air in them. The trachea then into two main branches called bronchi.
Question 33
How do the trachea and bronchi keep the respiratory tract healthy? Answer
The trachea and the bronchi and lined with ciliated epithelial cells and secretory cells (goblet cells). The secretory cells secrete mucus which moistens the air as it passes through the respiratory tract and also traps any fine particles of dust or bacteria that have escaped the hairs of the nasal cavity. The cilia beat with an upward motion so that the foreign particles along with the mucus is sent to the base of the buccal cavity from where it may be either swallowed or coughed out.
Question 34
How does exchange of gases take place in the alveoli? Answer
The capillaries lining the alveoli have impure blood which has low concentration of oxygen. So, the oxygen from the air easily diffuses into the blood through the thin barriers of the alveolus wall. Similarly when the concentration of carbon dioxide is quite high in the blood, the gas easily diffuses out into the alveolar space. From here, the air which has comparatively more concentration or carbon dioxide than the air that entered it, leaves the lungs.
Question 35
What is oxyhemoglobins and how is it formed? Answer:
Oxyhemoglobin is the compound formed by the combination of hemoglobin and oxygen. The hemoglobin pigment (Hb) has an affinity for oxygen. in the lungs, it combines with oxygen and forms HbO2, oxyhemoglobin.
$Hb+ O_2 \rightarrow HbO_2$
Question 36
How does carbon dioxide get transported in the blood? Answer
Carbon dioxide is transported in the blood as bicarbonate ions in the plasma region of the blood.
Question 37
What is inspiration? Answer
During inspiration, the outer intercostal muscles contract which raises the chest cavity or the ribs. This is accompanied by the lowering of the diaphragm. Together these movements serve to increase the area of the thoracic cavity which reduces the pressure. The air from outside rushes into the lungs
Question 38
What is expiration? Answer
During the expiration or exhalation, the inner intercostal muscles contract bringing the ribs back to the original position and the diaphragm is also raised back. This reduces the space in the chest cavity and increases the pressure. This expels the air out of the lungs.
Question 41
What are the types of anaerobic respiration? Answer
Anaerobic respiration is of two types based on the products formed.
a.Alcoholic Fermentation: It occurs in plants like the yeast ( a fungs).
b. Lactic acid Fermentation: It occurs in animal cells. It can be represented as follows
$glucose \rightarrow 2(lactic \; acid) + 2ATP$
During this process, no carbon dioxide is released.
Question 42
Which type of respiration is more efficient- aerobic or anaerobic? Why? Answer
Aerobic respiration is more efficient as it produces 38ATP molecules for every molecule of glucose used up. Whereas anaerobic respiration yields only 2 ATP molecules for each molecule of glucose
Question 43
What are the uses of fermentation? Answer
Fermentation is a commercially important process. It is following processes:
a. Manufacture of alcohol
b. Curing of tea leaves, tobacco, etc
c. Formation of curd from milk
d. Manufacture of vinegar, an industrially important compound.
Summary
This Class 10 Respiration|Life processes Important questions with answers is prepared keeping in mind the latest syllabus of CBSE . This has been designed in a way to improve the academic performance of the students. If you find mistakes , please do provide the feedback on the mail.
